Solve Vertical Subtraction: 481 minus 83 Step-by-Step

To solve this problem, we'll perform vertical subtraction with regrouping of the numbers 481 and 83.

Follow these steps:

• Step 1: Write the numbers vertically, aligning the digits by place value:

$\begin{array}{c} 481 \\ - ~~83~~~ \\ \underline{\phantom{77633}} \end{array}$

• Step 2: Begin with the units column (rightmost column). The digit in the minuend (1) is less than the digit in the subtrahend (3). Therefore, we need to regroup.

  • Regrouping involves borrowing 1 from the tens column of the minuend, changing 8 in 481 to 7 and increasing the units digit by 10, changing 1 to 11.

• Step 3: Subtract the units column: $11 - 3 = 8$.

• Step 4: Move to the tens column. Since we borrowed 1, the tens digit in 481 is now 7. Subtract 8 from 7, borrowing again from the hundreds digit:

  • Regroup by borrowing 1 from the hundreds column, changing 4 to 3 and increasing the tens digit by 10, changing 7 to 17.

• Step 5: Subtract the tens column: $17 - 8 = 9$.

• Step 6: The hundreds column remains to be calculated: $3 - 0 = 3$ (since there’s nothing to subtract except the result of our previous borrow).

This process results in:

$\begin{array}{c} 481 \\ - ~~83~~~ \\ \underline{\phantom{776444}} \\ 398 \end{array}$

Therefore, the solution to this problem is $398$, which corresponds to choice four.