Vertical Subtraction

Let's solve the basic vertical subtraction problem where we subtract 4 from 157 step by step:

• Step 1: Write the numbers in a vertical format, ensuring to align them by place values.
  $\begin{array}{c} 157 \\ -\ 4 \\ \underline{\phantom{776}} \\ \end{array}$

• Step 2: Perform subtraction starting from the rightmost digit (the ones place).
  - Subtract 4 from 7 in the ones column, resulting in 3.

• Step 3: Since the number being subtracted, 4, has no digit in the tens and hundreds places, bring down the remaining digits from 157. These are 5 in the tens place and 1 in the hundreds place.

Thus, the result of subtracting 4 from 157 is $153$.

Among the options provided, choice 2 is the correct answer, which states 153.

Therefore, the solution to the problem is $153$.

Let's solve the subtraction problem by following these steps:

First, align the numbers vertically:

$\begin{aligned} &478 \\ -& \\ &~~~~2 \\ &\underline{\phantom{776}} & \\ \end{aligned}$

Starting with the rightmost digits:

• In the units place, subtract $2$ from $8$: $8 - 2 = 6$.
• Since there are no other digits from the subtrahend, bring down the remaining digits as they are.

This results in:

$\begin{aligned} &476 \\ \end{aligned}$

Therefore, the solution to the problem is $476$.

Let's solve the subtraction problem $105 - 3$:

Align the numbers vertically to ensure each digit is in the correct place value position:

• Write 105 as:
  $\begin{array}{c} 1 & 0 & 5 \\ \end{array}$

• Place 3 beneath 105 such that it aligns with the rightmost digit (units place):
  $\begin{array}{c} - & & 3 \\ \end{array}$

• Subtract each column starting from the rightmost side (units digit) to the left:

Step-by-step subtraction:

• Units column: $5 - 3 = 2$

• Tens column: There is nothing to subtract with 0, so it remains $0$.

• Hundreds column: Similarly, there is nothing to subtract, so it remains $1$.

Combine the results of these steps to find the answer:

The result of the subtraction $105 - 3 = 102$.

Therefore, the correct answer is $102$.

Let's solve the subtraction problem $37 - 25$ using vertical subtraction:

• Step 1: Align the numbers vertically:

  $\begin{array}{c} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 37 \\ - \ \ \ \ 25 \\ \hline \end{array}$

• Step 2: Start with the rightmost column (units place):

  $7 - 5 = 2$

  Write $2$ under the line in the units place.

• Step 3: Move to the left column (tens place):

  $3 - 2 = 1$

  Write $1$ under the line in the tens place. This gives us $12$ as the result.

Therefore, the solution to the problem is $12$.

Let's solve this subtraction problem step-by-step:

• Step 1: Align the numbers vertically by place value, ensuring units are aligned under units.
• Step 2: Start subtraction from the rightmost column (units column). Here, subtract 6 from 8 in the units place: $8 - 6 = 2$.
• Step 3: Since we have dealt with the units place, move one step to the left to the tens place. Here, subtract 0 (since nothing is being subtracted from this place after borrowing) from 7 in the tens place: $7 - 0 = 7$.
• Step 4: Finally, move to the hundreds place. Subtract 0 from 5 (again, no borrowing affects this place): $5 - 0 = 5$.

After completing the steps, the subtraction gives us the result.

Therefore, the solution to the problem is $572$.