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To solve the problem using vertical subtraction, follow these steps:
Align the numbers vertically by place value:
Subtract the rightmost column (units):
Since is not possible directly, we borrow 1 from the tens column.
After borrowing, the units column becomes .
Subtract the tens column:
After borrowing, the tens column becomes not possible, so borrow 1 from the hundreds column.
After borrowing, the tens column becomes .
Subtract the hundreds column:
Now simply since there is nothing to subtract.
Therefore, the solution to the problem is .
879
\( \begin{aligned} &105 \\ -& \\ &~~~~3 \\ &\underline{\phantom{776}} & \\ \end{aligned} \)
You can't subtract a larger number from a smaller one and get a positive result! Borrowing lets you 'trade' 1 ten for 10 ones, making subtraction possible.
It gets reduced by 1! When you borrow 1 from the 6 in the tens place, it becomes 5. This is crucial - forgetting this step will give you the wrong answer.
Look at each column from right to left. If the top digit is smaller than the bottom digit, you need to borrow from the column to its left.
You can't borrow directly from 0! You need to keep moving left until you find a non-zero digit, then 'cascade' the borrowing back through all the zeros.
Add your answer to the number you subtracted: . If you get the original larger number, your answer is correct!
When you borrow 1 from the tens place, you're actually borrowing 10 ones! So 8 ones + 10 borrowed ones = 18 ones total.
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