Find the Domain of (10x+2)/√(x²-4): Rational Function Analysis

Domain Restrictions with Square Root Denominators

Given the following function:

10x+2x24 \frac{10x+2}{\sqrt{x^2-4}}

What is the domain of the function?

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Step-by-step video solution

Watch the teacher solve the problem with clear explanations
00:00 Does the function have a domain? And if so, what is it?
00:04 A root must be for a positive number greater than 0
00:12 Let's isolate X
00:18 When extracting a root there are always 2 solutions, positive and negative
00:25 Let's draw to find the domain
00:40 Between the solutions, any solution for X necessarily creates a negative root
00:43 And this is the solution to the question

Step-by-step written solution

Follow each step carefully to understand the complete solution
1

Understand the problem

Given the following function:

10x+2x24 \frac{10x+2}{\sqrt{x^2-4}}

What is the domain of the function?

2

Step-by-step solution

The given function is 10x+2x24 \frac{10x+2}{\sqrt{x^2-4}} . Finding its domain requires ensuring the denominator is not zero and the expression under the square root is positive.

First, identify the points where the expression under the square root is zero: set x24=0 x^2 - 4 = 0 .

Solving x24=0 x^2 - 4 = 0 :

  • Add 4 to both sides: x2=4 x^2 = 4
  • Take the square root of both sides: x=±2 x = \pm 2

This means the points x=2 x = 2 and x=2 x = -2 need further inspection since they make the expression zero (hence the denominator would be undefined).

Next, determine where x24>0 x^2 - 4 > 0 . This inequality can be rewritten as:

(x2)(x+2)>0 (x - 2)(x + 2) > 0

Evaluate the intervals determined by these critical points:

  • Interval x<2 x < -2 : Choose x=3 x = -3 , then (32)(3+2)=(5)(1)=5>0(-3-2)(-3+2) = (-5)(-1) = 5 > 0
  • Interval 2<x<2-2 < x < 2: Choose x=0 x = 0 , then (02)(0+2)=(2)(2)=4<0(0-2)(0+2) = (-2)(2) = -4 < 0
  • Interval x>2 x > 2 : Choose x=3 x = 3 , then (32)(3+2)=(1)(5)=5>0(3-2)(3+2) = (1)(5) = 5 > 0

Therefore, the expression is positive in the intervals x<2 x < -2 and x>2 x > 2 .

To avoid the denominator being zero, these points are not included in the domain, confirming the domain as x>2 x > 2 and x<2 x < -2 .

Thus, the solution to the problem is x>2,x<2 x > 2, x < -2 , which corresponds to choice .

3

Final Answer

x>2,x<2 x > 2,x < -2

Key Points to Remember

Essential concepts to master this topic
  • Rule: Expression under square root must be positive, never zero
  • Technique: Solve x24>0 x^2 - 4 > 0 by factoring: (x2)(x+2)>0 (x-2)(x+2) > 0
  • Check: Test intervals: x = -3 gives (-5)(-1) = 5 > 0 ✓

Common Mistakes

Avoid these frequent errors
  • Including critical points in the domain
    Don't include x = 2 and x = -2 in your domain = undefined function! These points make the denominator zero, which is mathematically impossible. Always exclude points where the expression under the square root equals zero.

Practice Quiz

Test your knowledge with interactive questions

\( 22(\frac{2}{x}-1)=30 \)

What is the domain of the equation above?

FAQ

Everything you need to know about this question

Why can't the expression under the square root be zero?

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Because 0=0 \sqrt{0} = 0 , which would make the denominator zero! Division by zero is undefined in mathematics, so we must exclude these points from the domain.

How do I know which intervals to include?

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Use the sign chart method! Test a point from each interval created by your critical points. If (x2)(x+2)>0 (x-2)(x+2) > 0 , include that interval in your domain.

What's the difference between ≥ 0 and > 0 for square roots?

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For square roots in denominators, we need strictly greater than zero (> 0). If we allowed = 0, the denominator would be zero, making the function undefined.

Can I write the domain as (-∞, -2) ∪ (2, ∞)?

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Yes! That's interval notation for the same answer. Both x<2,x>2 x < -2, x > 2 and (,2)(2,) (-\infty, -2) \cup (2, \infty) represent the same domain.

What if I had x² - 4 ≥ 0 instead?

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If the square root wasn't in the denominator, you could include the endpoints! But since it's in the denominator here, we need strict inequality to avoid division by zero.

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