Solve: 7^(-8) × (1/7)^(5x) = 49 | Exponent Equation Challenge

Exponential Equations with Negative Exponents

78(17)5?=49 7^{-8}\cdot(\frac{1}{7})^{5\cdot\text{?}}=49

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Step-by-step video solution

Watch the teacher solve the problem with clear explanations
00:00 Fill in the missing exponent
00:03 Let's decompose 42 into 7 squared
00:08 When raising a fraction to a power, raise both the numerator and denominator
00:14 Let's apply this formula to our exercise
00:27 When multiplying powers with equal bases
00:30 The exponent of the result equals the sum of the exponents
00:33 Let's apply this formula to our exercise, we'll then proceed to add together the exponents
00:41 Let's compare the exponents and determine the unknown
00:52 Isolate the unknown
01:09 This is the solution

Step-by-step written solution

Follow each step carefully to understand the complete solution
1

Understand the problem

78(17)5?=49 7^{-8}\cdot(\frac{1}{7})^{5\cdot\text{?}}=49

2

Step-by-step solution

To solve this problem, we begin by converting each part of the expression into a base that simplifies the comparison.

  • Step 1: Rewrite (17)5? (\frac{1}{7})^{5\cdot ?} as (71)5? (7^{-1})^{5\cdot ?} , which becomes 75? 7^{-5\cdot ?} .
  • Step 2: The left side now reads 78×75? 7^{-8} \times 7^{-5\cdot ?} .
  • Step 3: Combine the exponents since they have the same base: 78×75?=785? 7^{-8} \times 7^{-5\cdot ?} = 7^{-8 - 5\cdot ?} .
  • Step 4: The right side of the equation is 49 49 , which can be rewritten as 72 7^2 .
  • Step 5: Now we have an equation with the same base on both sides: 785?=72 7^{-8 - 5\cdot ?} = 7^2 .
  • Step 6: Equate the exponents: 85?=2-8 - 5\cdot ? = 2.
  • Step 7: Solve for '?':
    85?=2-8 - 5\cdot ? = 2
    Add 8 to both sides:
    5?=2+8-5\cdot ? = 2 + 8
    5?=10-5\cdot ? = 10
    Divide by 5-5:
    ?=105=2 ? = \frac{10}{-5} = -2 .

Therefore, the solution to the problem is ?=2 \text{?} = -2 .

3

Final Answer

2 -2

Key Points to Remember

Essential concepts to master this topic
  • Law of Exponents: When multiplying same bases, add the exponents
  • Technique: Convert (17)5x (\frac{1}{7})^{5x} to 75x 7^{-5x} using negative exponent rule
  • Check: Substitute x = -2: 78×710=72=49 7^{-8} \times 7^{10} = 7^2 = 49

Common Mistakes

Avoid these frequent errors
  • Not converting fractions to negative exponents
    Don't leave (17)5x (\frac{1}{7})^{5x} as a fraction = impossible to combine with 78 7^{-8} ! You can't add exponents when bases look different. Always rewrite 1a \frac{1}{a} as a1 a^{-1} first.

Practice Quiz

Test your knowledge with interactive questions

\( 112^0=\text{?} \)

FAQ

Everything you need to know about this question

Why do I need to rewrite the fraction with a negative exponent?

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Because you can only use exponent laws when bases are identical. 17 \frac{1}{7} and 7 7 look different, but 71 7^{-1} and 7 7 clearly have the same base!

How do I know when to convert 49 to a power of 7?

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Look at the bases in your equation! Since the left side has base 7, try to express the right side with the same base. 49=7×7=72 49 = 7 \times 7 = 7^2 .

What if I forget the negative sign when adding exponents?

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Be extra careful with signs! 8+(5x)=85x -8 + (-5x) = -8 - 5x , not 8+5x -8 + 5x . Remember: adding a negative is the same as subtracting.

Can I solve this without using exponent laws?

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Exponent laws are the most efficient method here. Other approaches like logarithms work but are much more complex for this type of problem.

How do I check if x = -2 is really correct?

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Substitute back: 78×(17)5(2)=78×(17)10=78×710=72=49 7^{-8} \times (\frac{1}{7})^{5(-2)} = 7^{-8} \times (\frac{1}{7})^{-10} = 7^{-8} \times 7^{10} = 7^2 = 49

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