Solve Log₃(x²+5x+4)/Log₃x < Log_x12: Finding Valid Domain

Logarithmic Inequalities with Domain Restrictions

Given X>1 find the domain X where it is satisfied:

log3(x2+5x+4)log3x<logx12 \frac{\log_3(x^2+5x+4)}{\log_3x}<\log_x12

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Step-by-step video solution

Watch the teacher solve the problem with clear explanations
00:00 Solve
00:04 We'll use the formula for logarithmic division
00:15 Let's determine the domain
00:25 Let's equate the logarithms
00:30 Let's arrange the equation
00:35 We'll use the root formula to find possible solutions
00:50 There are always 2 solutions, addition and subtraction
01:00 Let's find the appropriate domain
01:15 And this is the solution to the question

Step-by-step written solution

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1

Understand the problem

Given X>1 find the domain X where it is satisfied:

log3(x2+5x+4)log3x<logx12 \frac{\log_3(x^2+5x+4)}{\log_3x}<\log_x12

2

Step-by-step solution

To solve the problem:

  • Given the inequality log3(x2+5x+4)log3x<logx12\frac{\log_3(x^2+5x+4)}{\log_3x}<\log_x12, apply the change-of-base formula:
  • Rewrite logx12=log312log3x\log_x 12 = \frac{\log_3 12}{\log_3 x}.
  • Substitute into the inequality:
  • log3(x2+5x+4)log3x<log312log3x\frac{\log_3(x^2 + 5x + 4)}{\log_3 x} < \frac{\log_3 12}{\log_3 x}.
  • Cross multiply assuming log3x>0\log_3 x > 0 (because x>1x > 1): log3(x2+5x+4)<log312\log_3(x^2 + 5x + 4) < \log_3 12.
  • The inequality log3(x2+5x+4)<log312\log_3(x^2 + 5x + 4) < \log_3 12 implies:
  • x2+5x+4<12x^2 + 5x + 4 < 12.
  • Simplify: x2+5x+412<0x^2 + 5x + 4 - 12 < 0, which gives x2+5x8<0x^2 + 5x - 8 < 0.
  • Find roots for x2+5x8=0x^2 + 5x - 8 = 0 using the quadratic formula:
  • x=b±b24ac2ax = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a} where a=1,b=5,c=8a = 1, b = 5, c = -8.
  • x=5±5241(8)2x = \frac{-5 \pm \sqrt{5^2 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (-8)}}{2}.
  • x=5±572x = \frac{-5 \pm \sqrt{57}}{2}.
  • We find the intervals projecting on the inequality sign: x2+5x8<0x^2 + 5x - 8 < 0.
  • Analyzing the sign change for 1<x<5+5721 < x < \frac{-5 + \sqrt{57}}{2}.
  • Additionally, confirm x2+5x+4>0x^2 + 5x + 4 > 0 for valid logarithm argument, which is naturally satisfied in previous constraints.

Therefore, the solution is: 1<x<2.5+572\mathbf{1 < x < -2.5+\frac{\sqrt{57}}{2}}.

3

Final Answer

1<x<2.5+572 1 < x < -2.5+\frac{\sqrt{57}}{2}

Key Points to Remember

Essential concepts to master this topic
  • Domain Rule: All logarithm arguments must be positive for validity
  • Change of Base: Convert logx12 \log_x 12 to log312log3x \frac{\log_3 12}{\log_3 x} for comparison
  • Check Bounds: Verify x > 1 and x2+5x+4>0 x^2 + 5x + 4 > 0 throughout solution ✓

Common Mistakes

Avoid these frequent errors
  • Ignoring domain restrictions when cross-multiplying
    Don't cross-multiply without checking that log3x>0 \log_3 x > 0 = wrong inequality direction! When the multiplier is negative, the inequality flips. Always verify x > 1 ensures log3x>0 \log_3 x > 0 before cross-multiplying.

Practice Quiz

Test your knowledge with interactive questions

\( \log_{10}3+\log_{10}4= \)

FAQ

Everything you need to know about this question

Why can't I just solve the inequality without worrying about domains?

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Domain restrictions are crucial because logarithms are undefined for non-positive arguments! If x2+5x+40 x^2 + 5x + 4 \leq 0 or x0 x \leq 0 , the original inequality doesn't even exist.

How do I know when to use change of base formula?

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Use change of base when you have different bases in your logarithms. Here, log3 \log_3 and logx \log_x have different bases, so convert to a common base (base 3) for comparison.

Why is the answer 1 < x < -2.5 + √57/2 instead of the full quadratic solution?

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The quadratic x2+5x8<0 x^2 + 5x - 8 < 0 gives two roots, but we need x > 1 from the original constraint. Since 5572<0 \frac{-5 - \sqrt{57}}{2} < 0 , we only use the right portion of the interval.

What happens if I forget that x must be greater than 1?

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You'd include invalid solutions! The constraint x > 1 ensures that logx \log_x is defined and log3x>0 \log_3 x > 0 , which is essential for proper cross-multiplication.

How do I verify my final answer?

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Test a value in your solution interval, like x = 2. Check that all parts of the original inequality work: the arguments are positive, the logarithms exist, and the inequality holds true.

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