Solve: Complex Logarithmic Fraction with log₄7 and log₄₉a Terms

Logarithmic Expressions with Change-of-Base Applications

log47×log149aclog4b= \frac{\log_47\times\log_{\frac{1}{49}}a}{c\log_4b}=

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Step-by-step video solution

Watch the teacher solve the problem with clear explanations
00:00 Solve
00:05 We'll use the formula for log multiplication, we'll switch between the numbers
00:21 We'll use this formula in our exercise
00:34 We'll use the power rule for logarithms, we'll put the coefficient in the log
00:44 We'll use this formula in our exercise
00:59 We'll solve the log and substitute in the exercise
01:21 We'll break down 49 to 7 squared
02:07 We'll use the formula for log subtraction, we'll get their log quotient
02:23 We'll use this formula in our exercise
02:48 Again we'll use the power rule for logarithms
03:08 And this is the solution to the question

Step-by-step written solution

Follow each step carefully to understand the complete solution
1

Understand the problem

log47×log149aclog4b= \frac{\log_47\times\log_{\frac{1}{49}}a}{c\log_4b}=

2

Step-by-step solution

To solve this problem, we'll follow these steps:

  • Step 1: Express log47\log_4{7} and log149a\log_{\frac{1}{49}}{a} using the change-of-base formula.
  • Step 2: Simplify the product log47×log149a\log_4{7} \times \log_{\frac{1}{49}}{a}.
  • Step 3: Simplify the entire expression by using logarithmic identities.

Let's work through each step:
Step 1: Using the change-of-base formula, log47=logk7logk4\log_4{7} = \frac{\log_k{7}}{\log_k{4}} and log149a=logkalogk149\log_{\frac{1}{49}}{a} = \frac{\log_k{a}}{\log_k{\frac{1}{49}}}. Choose k=10k = 10 (common log) for simplicity.
Note that logk149=logk491=logk49\log_k{\frac{1}{49}} = \log_k{49^{-1}} = -\log_k{49}. Also, 49=7249 = 7^2, so logk49=2logk7\log_k{49} = 2\log_k{7}. Therefore, log149a=logka2logk7\log_{\frac{1}{49}}{a} = \frac{\log_k{a}}{-2\log_k{7}}.

Step 2: The product log47×log149a=(logk7logk4)(logka2logk7)\log_4{7} \times \log_{\frac{1}{49}}{a} = \left(\frac{\log_k{7}}{\log_k{4}}\right)\left(\frac{\log_k{a}}{-2\log_k{7}}\right) simplifies to logka2logk4\frac{\log_k{a}}{-2\log_k{4}} after canceling logk7\log_k{7}.

Step 3: The expression becomes logka2logk4clog4b\frac{\frac{\log_k{a}}{-2\log_k{4}}}{c\log_4{b}}, which simplifies to logka2clogk4log4b\frac{\log_k{a}}{-2c\log_k{4}\log_4{b}}. Convert log4b\log_4{b} into logkblogk4\frac{\log_k{b}}{\log_k{4}}, leading to logka2clogkb\frac{\log_k{a}}{-2c\log_k{b}}. Using the change-of-base formula again, this gives 12logbca-\frac{1}{2}\log_{b^c}{a}.

This can be rewritten using inverse log properties as logbc(1a)\log_{b^c}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}\right)}.

Therefore, the solution to the problem is logbc1a\log_{b^c}\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}.

3

Final Answer

logbc1a \log_{b^c}\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}

Key Points to Remember

Essential concepts to master this topic
  • Change-of-Base: Convert different bases to simplify complex logarithmic products
  • Technique: Use log149a=loga2log7 \log_{\frac{1}{49}}a = \frac{\log a}{-2\log 7} since 49 = 7²
  • Check: Verify logbc1a=12clogba \log_{b^c}\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}} = -\frac{1}{2c}\log_b a using properties ✓

Common Mistakes

Avoid these frequent errors
  • Forgetting negative sign when converting log base 1/49
    Don't treat log149a \log_{\frac{1}{49}}a as positive = wrong final answer! Since 1/49 = 49⁻¹, this creates a negative in the denominator. Always remember that log1nx=lognx \log_{\frac{1}{n}}x = -\log_n x .

Practice Quiz

Test your knowledge with interactive questions

\( \log_{10}3+\log_{10}4= \)

FAQ

Everything you need to know about this question

Why does the log47 \log_4 7 cancel out in the multiplication?

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When you multiply log7log4×loga2log7 \frac{\log 7}{\log 4} \times \frac{\log a}{-2\log 7} , the log 7 terms appear in both numerator and denominator, so they cancel each other out completely!

How do I handle the base 1/49 in logarithms?

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Remember that 149=491=(72)1=72 \frac{1}{49} = 49^{-1} = (7^2)^{-1} = 7^{-2} . So log149a=logalog(72)=loga2log7 \log_{\frac{1}{49}}a = \frac{\log a}{\log(7^{-2})} = \frac{\log a}{-2\log 7} .

Why is the final answer written as logbc1a \log_{b^c}\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}} ?

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This uses the inverse property of logarithms. Since 12clogba=logba12c -\frac{1}{2c}\log_b a = \log_b a^{-\frac{1}{2c}} , and we can rewrite the base as bc b^c , it becomes logbca12=logbc1a \log_{b^c}a^{-\frac{1}{2}} = \log_{b^c}\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}} .

Can I use any base for the change-of-base formula?

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Yes! You can use any base (like base 10, base e, or even base 2). The key is using the same base throughout your calculation so terms can cancel properly.

What if I get confused with all the logarithm properties?

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Focus on these core properties: logabn=nlogab \log_a b^n = n\log_a b , loganb=1nlogab \log_{a^n} b = \frac{1}{n}\log_a b , and log1ab=logab \log_{\frac{1}{a}} b = -\log_a b . Practice with simple numbers first!

How do I check if my final answer is correct?

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Convert both your answer and the original expression to the same form using logarithm properties. If they simplify to identical expressions, you're correct! Also verify with specific number substitutions.

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