Parabola y=(x-p)²+k Practice Problems & Vertex Form

Master parabola transformations with vertex form y=(x-p)²+k. Practice horizontal and vertical shifts, find vertices, and solve zeros with step-by-step examples.

📚Master Parabola Transformations with Vertex Form Practice
  • Identify horizontal shifts using parameter p in vertex form equations
  • Determine vertical shifts using parameter k values
  • Find parabola vertices using the coordinates (p, k)
  • Solve for zeros when parabolas intersect the x-axis
  • Combine horizontal and vertical transformations in single equations
  • Graph parabolas using vertex form transformation rules

Understanding Parabola of the Form y=(x-p)²+k

Complete explanation with examples

Family of Parabolas y=(xp)2+k y=(x-p)²+k

Combination of Horizontal and Vertical Shift
In this quadratic function 
KK determines the amount of steps and the vertical direction in which the function will shift - upwards or downwards.
PP determines the amount of steps and the horizontal direction in which the function will shift - to the right or to the left.

Detailed explanation

Practice Parabola of the Form y=(x-p)²+k

Test your knowledge with 10 quizzes

Choose the equation that corresponds to the the function

\( y=-(x-6)^2 \)

moved 4 spaces up.

Examples with solutions for Parabola of the Form y=(x-p)²+k

Step-by-step solutions included
Exercise #1

Find the corresponding algebraic representation of the drawing:

(0,-4)(0,-4)(0,-4)

Step-by-Step Solution

To solve this problem, let us first note that the labeled point is (0,4)(0, -4), which suggests the parabola touches or intersects the y-axis at this point. Without more information indicating horizontal translation, it is reasonable to assume this is the vertex of the parabola, pointing down a simple transformation from y=x2y=x^2 to y=x24y=x^2-4.

Given the simplicity and symmetry (likely no xx coefficient subtracted or added), this directly translates to a parabola form with only a vertical shift downward.

Therefore, the algebraic representation of the given parabolic drawing is y=x24 y = x^2 - 4 .

The correct choice corresponding to this is y=x24 y = x^2 - 4 .

Answer:

y=x24 y=x^2-4

Video Solution
Exercise #2

Find the corresponding algebraic representation of the drawing:

(5,4)(5,4)(5,4)

Step-by-Step Solution

To solve this problem, follow these steps:

  • Identify the point related to the parabola, which is given as (5,4)(5, 4).
  • This point is likely the vertex of the parabola. The vertex form equation is y=(xh)2+k y = (x-h)^2 + k .
  • Substitute the vertex coordinates (h,k)=(5,4)(h, k) = (5, 4) into the vertex form.

Using these steps, substitute h=5 h = 5 and k=4 k = 4 into the vertex form:


y=(x5)2+4 y = (x - 5)^2 + 4

This matches the given point and reflects the parabola intersecting or having its vertex at (5, 4).

Therefore, the algebraic representation of the drawing is y=(x5)2+4 y = (x-5)^2 + 4 .

Answer:

y=(x5)2+4 y=(x-5)^2+4

Video Solution
Exercise #3

Find the corresponding algebraic representation of the drawing:

(-2,7)(-2,7)(-2,7)

Step-by-Step Solution

To determine the algebraic representation, we use the vertex form of a parabola, which is y=(xh)2+k y = (x-h)^2 + k . Here, the vertex is placed at (2,7)(-2, 7), thus plug these values into our equation: h=2 h = -2 and k=7 k = 7 .

Consequently, the equation of the parabola becomes:

y=(x+2)2+7 y = (x + 2)^2 + 7

This representation correctly describes a parabola that passes through the vertex at (2,7)(-2, 7) and opens upwards, as indicated by the absence of a negative sign or alternate coefficient in front of the square term.

Therefore, the correct choice corresponding to this problem formulation is:

y=(x+2)2+7 y = (x + 2)^2 + 7

Answer:

y=(x+2)2+7 y=(x+2)^2+7

Video Solution
Exercise #4

Choose the equation that represents the function

y=x2 y=-x^2

moved 3 spaces to the left

and 4 spaces up.

Step-by-Step Solution

To solve this problem, the following steps are necessary:

We begin with the original function:

  • y=x2 y = -x^2

First, we apply the horizontal shift of 3 units to the left. Moving a graph left involves adding a number to x x in the equation. Hence, replace x x with (x+3) (x + 3) . This manipulatively affects the original function:

y=(x+3)2 y = -(x + 3)^2

Next, we apply the vertical shift of 4 units upward. This involves adding 4 to the function:

y=(x+3)2+4 y = -(x + 3)^2 + 4

Therefore, the equation representing the parabola moved 3 spaces to the left and 4 spaces up is:

y=(x+3)2+4 y = -(x + 3)^2 + 4

Verification against the choices confirms that the correct answer is choice (1):

  • y=(x+3)2+4 y = -(x + 3)^2 + 4

This is indeed the equation that results after applying the given transformations to the original function y=x2 y = -x^2 .

Answer:

y=(x+3)2+4 y=-(x+3)^2+4

Video Solution
Exercise #5

Which equation represents the function:

y=x2 y=x^2

moved 2 spaces to the right

and 5 spaces upwards.

Step-by-Step Solution

To solve this problem, we'll start by understanding the transformations required:

  • The original function is y=x2 y = x^2 .
  • We need to move this function 2 spaces to the right and 5 spaces upwards.

Step 1: Apply the horizontal shift 2 units to the right.
To shift a function horizontally, replace x x with xh x - h , where h h is the shift to the right. Thus, we replace x x with x2 x - 2 to get:

y=(x2)2 y = (x - 2)^2 .

Step 2: Apply the vertical shift 5 units upwards.
To shift a function vertically, add k k to the function, where k k is the number of units to shift up. Thus:

y=(x2)2+5 y = (x - 2)^2 + 5 .

Combining these transformations, the equation of the transformed function is:

y=(x2)2+5 y = (x - 2)^2 + 5 .

This matches the choice labeled as 3. Thus, the correct equation after translating the parabola 2 spaces to the right and 5 spaces upwards is:

y=(x2)2+5 y = (x - 2)^2 + 5 .

Answer:

y=(x2)2+5 y=(x-2)^2+5

Video Solution

Frequently Asked Questions

What does p and k mean in y=(x-p)²+k vertex form?

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In vertex form y=(x-p)²+k, parameter p determines horizontal shift (positive p shifts right, negative p shifts left), while k determines vertical shift (positive k shifts up, negative k shifts down). The vertex is located at point (p, k).

How do you find the vertex of y=(x-p)²+k?

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The vertex of a parabola in form y=(x-p)²+k is simply the point (p, k). For example, in y=(x-4)²+3, the vertex is at (4, 3). This makes vertex form the easiest way to identify the parabola's turning point.

When does y=(x-p)²+k have no real zeros?

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The parabola y=(x-p)²+k has no real zeros when k is positive, meaning the parabola sits entirely above the x-axis. When k is negative, the parabola typically has two real zeros where it crosses the x-axis.

How to solve y=(x-p)²+k when y equals zero?

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To find zeros, set y=0: 0=(x-p)²+k. Steps: 1) Subtract k: -k=(x-p)², 2) Take square root: ±√(-k)=(x-p), 3) Solve for x: x=p±√(-k). This only works when k≤0.

What's the difference between y=x² and y=(x-p)²+k?

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y=x² is the basic parabola with vertex at origin (0,0). y=(x-p)²+k is the transformed version where the parabola shifts p units horizontally and k units vertically, moving the vertex to point (p, k).

How do you graph y=(x-4)²+3 step by step?

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Steps to graph y=(x-4)²+3: 1) Start with basic parabola y=x², 2) Shift 4 units right (p=4), 3) Shift 3 units up (k=3), 4) Plot vertex at (4, 3), 5) Draw parabola opening upward from this vertex.

Can y=(x-p)²+k open downward?

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The form y=(x-p)²+k always opens upward because the coefficient of (x-p)² is positive 1. For downward opening, you need y=-(x-p)²+k or y=a(x-p)²+k where a is negative.

Why is vertex form y=(x-p)²+k useful in algebra?

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Vertex form y=(x-p)²+k immediately reveals the parabola's vertex (p, k) and transformations applied. This makes it easier to graph, find maximum/minimum values, and understand how changing parameters affects the parabola's position and shape.

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