Representation of Phenomena - Examples, Exercises and Solutions

A linear function describes the relationship between X X and Y Y .
Therefore, we can represent all sorts of different phenomena in life with the help of the linear function.
The representation of phenomena with the help of linear functions is expressed in mathematics in word problems, using graphs of the functions.
Thus, we can find the various relationships between the functions.

Representing phenomena using linear functions actually allows us to simplify many word questions using a simple linear graph. From the graph, we can very easily calculate the slope, which is actually the rate of change and even many other parameters.

A - Representation of Phenomena Using Linear Functions

Suggested Topics to Practice in Advance

  1. Function
  2. Linear Function
  3. The Linear Function y=mx+b
  4. Slope in the Function y=mx
  5. Positive and Negativity of a Linear Function
  6. Finding a Linear Equation
  7. Graphs of Direct Proportionality Functions

Practice Representation of Phenomena

Examples with solutions for Representation of Phenomena

Exercise #1

The graph below depicts the price of apples relative to the quantity.

What is the price of 7 kg of apples?

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Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

Let's first observe the X-axis which is representative of the weight. Locate 7 kg - and mark a point.

From this point, we'll draw a vertical line until we meet the straight line.

Let's now observe the Y-axis which is representative of the price.

We will draw a line from the point where we reached the X-axis to the straight line, towards the Y-axis and determine the price: 8 dollars.

Answer

8

Exercise #2

The graph below depicts the price of apples relative to the quantity.

How many kg of apples can you buy for $9?

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Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

Let's first observe the Y-axis which is representative of the price. Locate 9 dollars - and mark a point.

From this point, we'll draw a vertical line until we meet the straight line.

Now let's observe the X-axis which is representative of the quantity in kg.

We'll draw a line from the point where we reached the Y-axis to the straight line, towards the X-axis and determine the weight: 8 kg.

Answer

8

Exercise #3

The graph below depicts the price of tomatoes as a function of quantity, with each line representing the prices at different shops.

Where is it cheaper to buy 7 kg of tomatoes?

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Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

Let's look at the red line:

The X-axis shows us the quantity, we'll locate 7 kg and from it draw a vertical line to the line - mark a point.

From this point we'll draw a horizontal line to the Y-axis which shows the price and we'll see that 7 kg costs 8 NIS.

Let's look at the blue line:

The X-axis shows us the quantity, we'll locate 7 kg and from it draw a vertical line to the line - mark a point.

From this point we'll draw a horizontal line to the Y-axis which shows the price and we'll see that 7 kg costs 10 NIS.

Therefore it's better to buy at the red store, it's cheaper.

Answer

In the red shop

Exercise #4

There are two water containers. The first container is empty, whilst the second contains 48 liters of water.

How long will in take for the second container to reach full capacity?

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Step-by-Step Solution

Let's begin by observing the blue line that represents the second container.

Note that it will be full at the point where it starts to become a continuous line.

Hence let's draw a vertical line from this point to the X-axis which marks the minutes.

We can observe that the line reaches 22, meaning the container will be full in 22 minutes.

Answer

22 minutes

Exercise #5

Two cyclists go for a ride along the same path.

The first cyclist leaves at 4, while the second cyclist leaves at 5.

At what time do they meet?

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Step-by-Step Solution

The problem asks us to determine if the two cyclists meet after departing at different times. To solve this, we would analyze the functions or the possible graphical representation of their journey concerning time.

From the provided scenario, cyclist one starts at 4 and cyclist two at 5. Without specific speed and distance, the problem might hint at a graphical or conceptual analysis.

Upon examining this scenario, since no intersection of their paths was indicated (or given speeds and times to compute), we need to conclude based on the apparent description or plot.

Without specific data points indicating overlap or meeting times between the two cyclists, we assume the visual information presented suggests that they indeed do not encounter each other on their paths.

Therefore, the cyclists do not meet, confirming the conclusion as per the given choices.

Therefore, the solution to the problem is: The cyclists do not meet.

Answer

The cyclists do not meet.

Exercise #6

Two cyclists go out for a ride.

The first one starts at 4, while the second starts at 5.

At what times do the riders take a break?

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Step-by-Step Solution

The graph suggests that Cyclist 1 takes a break starting at 6 o'clock, as indicated by the appearance of the red flat section starting at the marker for 6. Similarly, Cyclist 2 takes a break starting at 8 o'clock, identified from the blue flat section starting at the marker for 8.

Thus, the riders take their breaks at:

  • Cyclist 1 - at 6
  • Cyclist 2 - at 8

Therefore, the solution to the problem matches the given correct answer.

Conclusion: Cyclist 1 takes a break at t=6 t = 6 , and Cyclist 2 takes a break at t=8 t = 8 .

Answer

Cyclist 1 - at 6
Cyclist 2 - at 8

Exercise #7

The chart shows various quotes for the garden renovation. The price consists of an initial fee and a fixed payment according to the garden size.

Dany proposes an initial fee of 700 dollars.

Alex proposes an initial fee of 200 dollars.

Jonathan proposes taking no initial fee at all.

Match each gardener to their corresponding lines.

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Step-by-Step Solution

To solve this problem, we'll follow these steps:

  • Identify the initial fees: According to the problem, Dany's initial fee is 700 dollars, Alex's is 200 dollars, and Jonathan's has no initial fee (0 dollars).
  • Analyze the chart: On the chart, the y-intercept of a line represents the initial fee charged before calculating based on garden size.
  • Match each line: The line with the highest y-intercept matches Dany's 700 dollars, the next (200 dollars) matches Alex, and the zero y-intercept matches Jonathan.

According to the analysis, the lines match the gardeners as follows:
I = Jonathan (no initial fee, line passing through the origin)
II = Alex (200 dollars y-intercept, moderate slope)
III = Dany (700 dollars y-intercept, highest slope)

Therefore, the solution to the problem is: I = Jonathan, II = Alex, III = Dany.

Answer

I = Jonathan
II = Alex
III = Dany

Exercise #8

A car leaves Madrid for Barcelona. During the journey, the driver has a break.

For how many hours did the driver rest?

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Video Solution

Answer

6