Simplify the Expression: c^(-1)·d^6·d^(-2)·c^3·c^2 Using Laws of Exponents

Exponent Laws with Negative Powers

Simplify the following expression:

c1d6d2c3c2= c^{-1}\cdot d^6\cdot d^{-2}\cdot c^3\cdot c^2=

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1

Understand the problem

Simplify the following expression:

c1d6d2c3c2= c^{-1}\cdot d^6\cdot d^{-2}\cdot c^3\cdot c^2=

2

Step-by-step solution

Apply the power rule for multiplying terms with identical bases:

aman=am+n a^m\cdot a^n=a^{m+n}

Note that this rule is valid only for terms with identical bases,

Here in the problem there are also terms with negative exponents, but this doesn't pose an issue regarding the use of the aforementioned power rule. In fact, this power rule is valid in all cases for numerical terms with different powers, including negative powers, rational number powers, and even irrational number powers, etc.

Let's return to the problem,

Note that there are two types of terms in the problem that differ from each other with different bases. First, we'll apply the commutative law of multiplication to arrange the expression so that all terms with the same base are adjacent, let's get to work:

c1d6d2c3c2=c1c3c2d6d2 c^{-1}\cdot d^6\cdot d^{-2}\cdot c^3\cdot c^2=c^{-1}\cdot c^3\cdot c^2\cdot d^6\cdot d^{-2}

Then we'll proceed to apply the aforementioned power rule separately to each different type of term,

c1c3c2d6d2=c1+3+2d6+(2)=c1+3+2d62=c4d4 c^{-1}\cdot c^3\cdot c^2\cdot d^6\cdot d^{-2}=c^{-1+3+2}\cdot d^{6+(-2)}=c^{-1+3+2}\cdot d^{6-2}=c^4\cdot d^4

To summarise we applied the above rule separately - for terms with base c c and for terms with base d d and then combined the powers in the exponent when we grouped all terms with the same base together.

Therefore, the correct answer is B.

3

Final Answer

c4d4 c^4\cdot d^4

Key Points to Remember

Essential concepts to master this topic
  • Rule: When multiplying same bases, add the exponents together
  • Technique: Group like bases first: c1c3c2=c1+3+2=c4 c^{-1} \cdot c^3 \cdot c^2 = c^{-1+3+2} = c^4
  • Check: Count exponents for each base separately: c appears 3 times, d appears 2 times ✓

Common Mistakes

Avoid these frequent errors
  • Adding exponents across different bases
    Don't combine exponents from different bases like c and d together = completely wrong answer! Each base must be treated separately because the exponent rule only applies to identical bases. Always group terms with the same base first, then add only those exponents.

Practice Quiz

Test your knowledge with interactive questions

\( 112^0=\text{?} \)

FAQ

Everything you need to know about this question

Do negative exponents change how I add them?

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No! Negative exponents follow the same addition rule. For example: c1+3+2=c4 c^{-1} + 3 + 2 = c^{4} . Just add them like regular integers: -1 + 3 + 2 = 4.

Why do I need to rearrange the terms first?

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Rearranging helps you see which terms have the same base clearly. It's not required mathematically, but it prevents mistakes when adding exponents for different variables.

What if I get a negative final exponent?

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That's perfectly valid! A negative exponent just means the term goes in the denominator. For example: x2=1x2 x^{-2} = \frac{1}{x^2}

Can I multiply the exponents instead of adding them?

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No! Multiplying exponents is for power rules like (x2)3=x6 (x^2)^3 = x^6 . When multiplying terms with the same base, you add the exponents.

How do I know which terms can be combined?

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Only terms with exactly the same base can be combined. In this problem, all c terms go together, and all d terms go together, but c and d stay separate.

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