Triangle Median and Angle Bisector: Proving Isosceles Properties

Isosceles Triangle Properties with Median-Angle Relationships

Look at the triangle below.

AD is the median and crossed the predominant angle.

Is triangle ABC isosceles?

AAABBBCCCDDD

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Step-by-step video solution

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00:00 Determine whether the triangle ABC is an isosceles triangle
00:03 AD is a median according to the given data, a median bisects the side
00:10 AD is also an angle bisector according to the given data
00:17 A triangle where the median is also an angle bisector is considered an isosceles triangle
00:22 This is the solution

Step-by-step written solution

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1

Understand the problem

Look at the triangle below.

AD is the median and crossed the predominant angle.

Is triangle ABC isosceles?

AAABBBCCCDDD

2

Step-by-step solution

To determine if triangle ABC \triangle ABC is isosceles given that AD AD is the median and it crosses the predominant angle at vertex A A , consider the following:

  • The median AD AD divides the opposite side BC BC into two equal parts, BD=DC BD = DC .
  • If AD AD bisects the predominant angle, it implies that ABC \triangle ABC is symmetric about line AD AD .
  • In a triangle, if a median also bisects the angle from which it is drawn, the triangle is isosceles.
  • The predominant angle typically refers to either the largest angle or an angle with notable symmetry. If AD AD bisects it, each half must contribute equally to the full angle, indicating symmetry.

Therefore, since the median AD AD bisects the predominant angle, BAD=CAD\angle BAD = \angle CAD, leading to the symmetry required for isosceles triangle properties in ABC \triangle ABC .

Yes, triangle ABC ABC is indeed isosceles.

3

Final Answer

Yes.

Key Points to Remember

Essential concepts to master this topic
  • Theorem: If median equals angle bisector, triangle is isosceles
  • Method: Check if AD AD bisects BAC \angle BAC where D is midpoint
  • Verify: Confirm AB=AC AB = AC when median bisects vertex angle ✓

Common Mistakes

Avoid these frequent errors
  • Assuming any median creates an isosceles triangle
    Don't think every median makes a triangle isosceles = completely wrong conclusion! A median only indicates isosceles properties when it ALSO bisects the angle from the same vertex. Always check if the median bisects the angle too.

Practice Quiz

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Is the straight line in the figure the height of the triangle?

FAQ

Everything you need to know about this question

What does 'predominant angle' mean in this context?

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The predominant angle usually refers to the vertex angle that shows the main symmetry of the triangle. In this case, it's BAC \angle BAC at vertex A, from which the median AD is drawn.

Why does a median that bisects an angle prove the triangle is isosceles?

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When the same line segment is both a median (divides opposite side equally) and an angle bisector, it creates perfect symmetry. This forces the two sides from that vertex to be equal in length.

Could triangle ABC be isosceles in a different way?

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Yes! A triangle can be isosceles with different pairs of equal sides. But since AD is drawn from vertex A and bisects A \angle A , we specifically know that AB = AC.

What if AD was just a median but NOT an angle bisector?

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Then we couldn't conclude the triangle is isosceles! A median alone doesn't guarantee equal sides. We need both the median property and the angle bisector property together.

How can I remember this theorem?

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  • Median = divides opposite side equally
  • Angle bisector = divides angle equally
  • Same line doing both = triangle must be isosceles!

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