Three-dimensional figures

What are three-dimensional figures?

So far we have worked with common two-dimensional figures such as the square or the triangle.
Three-dimensional figures are those that extend into the third dimension, meaning that in addition to length and width, they also have height (that is, the figure has depth).


What differences do three-dimensional figures have?

Three-dimensional figures have several definitions that we will see next:
Below is a three-dimensional figure that we will use to learn each definition - The cube:

three-dimensional figure of a cube

Face: it is the flat side of a three-dimensional figure
In the cube we have here, there are 6 faces (one of them is painted gray)
Edge: these are the lines that connect one face to another in a three-dimensional figure
In the cube we have here, there are 12 edges (painted green)
Vertex: it is the point that connects the edges
In the cube we have here, there are 8 vertices (painted orange)

Volume: it is the amount of space contained within a three-dimensional figure.
The units of measurement are cm3 cm^3 .


Practice Cuboids

Examples with solutions for Cuboids

Exercise #1

Look at the the cuboid below.

What is its surface area?

333555888

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

First, we recall the formula for the surface area of a cuboid:

(width*length + height*width + height*length) *2

 

As in the cuboid the opposite faces are equal to each other, the given data is sufficient to arrive at a solution.

We replace the data in the formula:

 

(8*5+3*5+8*3) *2 =

(40+15+24) *2 =

79*2 = 

158

Answer

158

Exercise #2

Look at the cuboid below.

What is its surface area?

333333111111

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

We identified that the faces are

3*3, 3*11, 11*3
As the opposite faces of an cuboid are equal, we know that for each face we find there is another face, therefore:

3*3, 3*11, 11*3

or

(3*3, 3*11, 11*3 ) *2

 

To find the surface area, we will have to add up all these areas, therefore:

(3*3+3*11+11*3 )*2

 

And this is actually the formula for the surface area!

We calculate:

(9+33+33)*2

(75)*2

150

Answer

150

Exercise #3

A cuboid has the dimensions shown in the diagram below.

Which rectangles form the cuboid?

333555666

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

Every cuboid is made up of rectangles. These rectangles are the faces of the cuboid.

As we know that in a rectangle the parallel faces are equal to each other, we can conclude that for each face found there will be two rectangles.

 

Let's first look at the face painted orange,

It has width and height, 5 and 3, so we already know that they are two rectangles of size 5x6

 

Now let's look at the side faces, they also have a height of 3, but their width is 6,

And then we understand that there are two more rectangles of 3x6

 

Now let's look at the top and bottom faces, we see that their dimensions are 5 and 6,

Therefore, there are two more rectangles that are size 5x6

 

That is, there are
2 rectangles 5X6

2 rectangles 3X5

2 rectangles 6X3

Answer

Two 5X6 rectangles

Two 3X5 rectangles

Two 6X3 rectangles

Exercise #4

Given the cuboid whose length is equal to 7 cm

Width is equal to 3 cm

The height of the cuboid is equal to 5 cm

Calculate the volume of the cube

333777555

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

The formula to calculate the volume of a cuboid is:

height*length*width

We replace the data in the formula:  

3*5*7

7*5 = 35

35*3 = 105

Answer

105 cm³

Exercise #5

Look at the cuboid below.

888555121212

What is the surface area of the cuboid?

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

Let's see what rectangles we have:

8*5

8*12

5*12

Let's review the formula for the surface area of a rectangular prism:

(length X width + length X height + width X height) * 2

Now let's substitute all this into the exercise:

(8*5+12*8+12*5)*2=
(40+96+60)*2=
196*2= 392

This is the solution!
 

Answer

392 cm²

Exercise #6

A cuboid is shown below:

222333555

What is the surface area of the cuboid?

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

Remember that the formula for the surface area of a cuboid is:

(length X width + length X height + width X height) 2

 

We input the known data into the formula:

2*(3*2+2*5+3*5)

2*(6+10+15)

2*31 = 62

Answer

62

Exercise #7

Look at the following orthohedron:

444

The volume of the orthohedron is 80 cm3 80~cm^3 .

The length of the lateral edge is 4 meters.

What is the area of the base of the orthohedron?
(shaded orange in the diagram)

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

The formula for the volume of a box is height*length*width

In the specific question, we are given the volume and the height,

and we are looking for the area of the base,

As you will remember, the area is length * width

If we replace all the data in the formula, we see that:

4 * the area of the base = 80

Therefore, if we divide by 4 we see that

Area of the base = 20

Answer

20 cm²

Exercise #8

Look at the cuboid of the figure.

Its surface area is 122 cm².

What is the width of the cuboid?

333777

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

To solve the problem, let's recall the formula for calculating the surface area of a box:

(width*length + height*width + height*length) *2

Let's substitute the known values into the formula, and we'll denote the missing side as X:

2*(3*7+7*X+3*X) = 122

2*(21+7x+3x) = 122

2(21+10x) = 122

Let's expand the parentheses:

42+20x=122

Let's move terms:

20x=122-42

20x=80

Let's simplify:

x=4

And that's the solution!

Answer

4 cm

Exercise #9

Given the cuboid of the figure:

333151515

The area of the base of the cuboid is 15 cm²,

The length of the lateral edge is 3 cm.

what is the volume of the cuboid

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

To calculate the volume of a cuboid, as we mentioned, we need the length, width, and height.

It is important to note that in the exercise we are given the height and the base area of the cuboid.

The base area is actually the area multiplied by the length. That is, it is the data that contains the two pieces of information we are missing.

Therefore, we can calculate the area by height * base area

15*3 = 45

This is the solution!

Answer

45 cm²

Exercise #10

Given the cuboid of the figure:

444XXX2.52.52.5

Given: volume of the cuboid is 45

What is the value of X?

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

Volume formula for a rectangular prism:

Volume = length X width X height

 

Therefore, first we will place the data we are given into the formula:

45 = 2.5*4*X

 

We divide both sides of the equation by 2.5:

18=4*X

And now we divide both sides of the equation by 4:

4.5 = X

Answer

4.5

Exercise #11

An unfolded cuboid is shown below.

What is the surface area of the cuboid?

888111333

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

To calculate the surface area of the rectangular prism, we will need to identify its three faces (each face appears twice):

1*3

1*8

3*8

 

The formula for the surface area of a rectangular prism is the sum of all the areas of the faces, that is:

We replace the data in the formula:

2*(1*3+1*8+3*8)=
2*(3+8+24) = 
2*35 = 

70

And this is the solution!

Answer

70

Exercise #12

Which dimensions may represent a cuboid?

Step-by-Step Solution

There is no limitation or rule regarding the dimensions that a cuboid can have.

Therefore the correct answer is D.

Answer

All of the above.

Exercise #13

Given that the volume of the cuboid is equal to 72 cm³

The length of the cuboid is equal to 6 cm and the height is equal to half the length.

Calculate the surface of the cuboid

666

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

The first step is to calculate the relevant data for all the components of the box.

The length of the box = 6

Given that the height of a cuboid is equal to half its length we are able to deduce the height of the box as follows : 6/2= 3

Hence the height = 3

In order to determine the width, we insert the known data into the formula for the volume of the box:

height*length*width = volume of the cuboid.

3*6*width = 72

18*width=72

We divide by 18:

Hence the width = 4

We are now able to return to the initial question regarding the surface of the cuboid.

Remember that the formula for the surface area is:

(height*length+height*width+length*width)*2

 

We insert the known data leaving us with the following result:

(3*6+4*3+4*6)*2=

(12+24+18)*2=

(54)*2=

108

Answer

108 cm²

Exercise #14

A building is 21 meters high, 15 meters long, and 14+30X meters wide.

Express its volume in terms of X.

(14+30X)(14+30X)(14+30X)212121151515

Step-by-Step Solution

We use a formula to calculate the volume: height times width times length.

We rewrite the exercise using the existing data:

21×(14+30x)×15= 21\times(14+30x)\times15=

We use the distributive property to simplify the parentheses.

We multiply 21 by each of the terms in parentheses:

(21×14+21×30x)×15= (21\times14+21\times30x)\times15=

We solve the multiplication exercise in parentheses:

(294+630x)×15= (294+630x)\times15=

We use the distributive property again.

We multiply 15 by each of the terms in parentheses:

294×15+630x×15= 294\times15+630x\times15=

We solve each of the exercises in parentheses to find the volume:

4,410+9,450x 4,410+9,450x

Answer

4410+9450x 4410+9450x

Exercise #15

Below is a cuboid with a length of

8 cm.

Its width is 2 cm and its height is

4 cm.

Calculate the volume of the cube.

222888444

Video Solution

Answer

64 cm³