Solve: Combined Logarithmic Fractions with Bases 7, 4, and 2

Logarithmic Expressions with Base Conversions

2log78log74+1log43×log29= \frac{2\log_78}{\log_74}+\frac{1}{\log_43}\times\log_29=

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Step-by-step video solution

Watch the teacher solve the problem with clear explanations
00:00 Solve
00:05 We'll use the formula for logarithmic division
00:10 We'll get the log of the numerator in base of the denominator
00:13 To divide 1 by log, we'll get the inverse log in number and base
00:21 We'll calculate the log separately and substitute in the exercise
00:46 We'll use the formula for logarithmic multiplication, switch between bases
01:01 We'll simplify what we can
01:06 We'll calculate each log separately and substitute in the exercise
01:36 And this is the solution to the question

Step-by-step written solution

Follow each step carefully to understand the complete solution
1

Understand the problem

2log78log74+1log43×log29= \frac{2\log_78}{\log_74}+\frac{1}{\log_43}\times\log_29=

2

Step-by-step solution

To solve the problem 2log78log74+1log43×log29\frac{2\log_7 8}{\log_7 4} + \frac{1}{\log_4 3} \times \log_2 9, we will apply various logarithmic rules:

Step 1: Simplify 2log78log74\frac{2\log_7 8}{\log_7 4}.

  • Using the power property, log78=log723=3log72\log_7 8 = \log_7 2^3 = 3\log_7 2.
  • Similarly, log74=log722=2log72\log_7 4 = \log_7 2^2 = 2\log_7 2.
  • The expression becomes 2×3log722log72=3\frac{2 \times 3\log_7 2}{2\log_7 2} = 3.

Step 2: Simplify 1log43×log29\frac{1}{\log_4 3} \times \log_2 9.

  • 1log43=log34\frac{1}{\log_4 3} = \log_3 4, by inversion.
  • log29\log_2 9 can be expressed as log232=2log23\log_2 3^2 = 2\log_2 3.
  • The product becomes log34×2log23=2log24log23×log23\log_3 4 \times 2\log_2 3 = 2 \cdot \frac{\log_2 4}{\log_2 3} \times \log_2 3.
  • Since log24=2\log_2 4 = 2, this simplifies to 2×21=42 \times \frac{2}{1} = 4.

Step 3: Add the results from Steps 1 and 2:
3+4=73 + 4 = 7.

Therefore, the solution to the problem is 77.

3

Final Answer

7 7

Key Points to Remember

Essential concepts to master this topic
  • Power Property: Convert log78=3log72 \log_7 8 = 3\log_7 2 using exponent rules
  • Base Inversion: Transform 1log43=log34 \frac{1}{\log_4 3} = \log_3 4 to simplify multiplication
  • Verification: Check each step separately: 3 + 4 = 7 ✓

Common Mistakes

Avoid these frequent errors
  • Not applying logarithm properties correctly
    Don't leave log78 \log_7 8 as is = missing the key simplification! Students often skip converting 8 to 23 2^3 and miss that both terms share log72 \log_7 2 . Always look for ways to express numbers as powers of the same base.

Practice Quiz

Test your knowledge with interactive questions

\( \log_{10}3+\log_{10}4= \)

FAQ

Everything you need to know about this question

Why do we need to convert 8 and 4 to powers of 2?

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Finding common bases is the key! Since 8=23 8 = 2^3 and 4=22 4 = 2^2 , we can use the power property to factor out log72 \log_7 2 and simplify the fraction.

How does the base inversion formula work?

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The formula 1logab=logba \frac{1}{\log_a b} = \log_b a comes from the change of base formula. Think of it as "flipping" the base and argument when you have a reciprocal.

What if I can't see the pattern in the numbers?

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Start by factoring each number into prime factors. Look for common bases like 2, 3, or other small primes. For example, 9=32 9 = 3^2 helps us use the power property.

Can I use a calculator for logarithms?

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While calculators help with decimal approximations, this problem is designed to be solved exactly using properties. The algebraic approach gives you the precise answer of 7.

Why does the second part equal 4?

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After converting: log34×2log23 \log_3 4 \times 2\log_2 3 . Using change of base, this becomes 2×log24log23×log23=2×2=4 2 \times \frac{\log_2 4}{\log_2 3} \times \log_2 3 = 2 \times 2 = 4 because the log23 \log_2 3 terms cancel!

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