Vertex form of the quadratic equation

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Vertex form of the quadratic equation

The vertex form allows us to identify, very easily, the vertex of the parabola and hence its name.

The vertex form of the quadratic function is:
Y=a(Xp)2+cY=a(X-p)^2+c

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Test yourself on vertex representation!

Find the standard representation of the following function:

\( f(x)=(x-3)^2+x \)

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Where the values of the vertex of the parabola are (p,c)( p,c)
PP - represents the value of the XX of the vertex.
CC - represents the value of the YY of the vertex.
For example in the function:
Y=2(X3)2+5Y=2(X-3)^2+5

The vertex of the parabola is:
(3,5)(3,5)

Observe
In the formula for the vertex form there is a minus sign before PP. This is how the template is constructed, it does not mean that PP is negative.
If we obtain a negative XX vertex we will place it with a minus sign in the vertex form template and the minus will turn into plus.


Examples and exercises with solutions of the vertex form of the quadratic function

Exercise #1

Find the standard representation of the following function:

f(x)=(x3)2+x f(x)=(x-3)^2+x

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

To solve this problem, we'll perform these steps:

  • Expand (x3)2(x-3)^2 using the formula for a square:
    (x3)2=x22×x×3+32=x26x+9(x-3)^2 = x^2 - 2 \times x \times 3 + 3^2 = x^2 - 6x + 9
  • Add the x x from f(x)=(x3)2+x f(x) = (x-3)^2 + x to the expanded terms:
    x26x+9+x x^2 - 6x + 9 + x
  • Combine like terms:
    x26x+x+9=x25x+9 x^2 - 6x + x + 9 = x^2 - 5x + 9

Therefore, the standard form of the function f(x) f(x) is f(x)=x25x+9 f(x) = x^2 - 5x + 9 .

Thus, the correct choice is Choice 3.

Answer

f(x)=x25x+9 f(x)=x^2-5x+9

Exercise #2

Find the vertex of the parabola

y=(x+1)2 y=(x+1)^2

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

The equation y=(x+1)2 y = (x+1)^2 is already in the vertex form y=(xh)2+k y = (x-h)^2 + k , where (h,k)(h, k) is the vertex of the parabola.

By comparing, we have:

  • The expression inside the square is (x+1) (x+1) , which can be rewritten as (x(1)) (x - (-1)) . Thus, h=1 h = -1 .
  • The term k k is not present, which means k=0 k = 0 .

Therefore, the vertex (h,k)(h, k) of the parabola is (1,0)(-1, 0).

Thus, the correct answer is (1,0)(-1, 0).

Answer

(1,0) (-1,0)

Exercise #3

Find the vertex of the parabola

y=(x1)21 y=(x-1)^2-1

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

The given equation is y=(x1)21 y = (x-1)^2 - 1 . This equation is in the vertex form, y=a(xh)2+k y = a(x-h)^2 + k , where a a , h h , and k k are constants.

In this case, the given equation can be written as y=1(x1)2+(1) y = 1 \cdot (x-1)^2 + (-1) , indicating that a=1 a = 1 , h=1 h = 1 , and k=1 k = -1 .

The vertex form of the quadratic equation allows us to directly identify the vertex of the parabola as (h,k) (h, k) .

From our identification, it is clear that the vertex (h,k) (h, k) of the parabola is (1,1) (1, -1) .

Therefore, the vertex of the given parabola is (1,1) (1, -1) .

Answer

(1,1) (1,-1)

Exercise #4

Find the vertex of the parabola

y=(x+1)21 y=(x+1)^2-1

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

The given equation of the parabola is y=(x+1)21 y = (x+1)^2 - 1 .

This equation is already in the vertex form, y=a(xh)2+k y = a(x-h)^2 + k , where (h,k)(h, k) is the vertex.

By comparing, we identify:
The expression (x+1)(x + 1) implies that h=1h = -1 (since x+1x + 1 is equivalent to (x(1))(x - (-1))).
The constant 1-1 is the kk value.

Thus, the vertex (h,k)(h, k) is (1,1)(-1, -1).

Therefore, the vertex of the parabola is at the point (1,1)(-1,-1).

Answer

(1,1) (-1,-1)

Exercise #5

Find the standard representation of the following function

f(x)=(2x+1)21 f(x)=(2x+1)^2-1

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

To convert f(x)=(2x+1)21 f(x) = (2x+1)^2 - 1 into its standard quadratic form, we need to expand (2x+1)2 (2x+1)^2 first and then adjust for the subtraction of 1.

The expansion is carried out using the binomial expansion formula:

(2x+1)2=(2x)2+2(2x)(1)+12(2x + 1)^2 = (2x)^2 + 2(2x)(1) + 1^2.

Calculating each term gives:

  • (2x)2=4x2(2x)^2 = 4x^2
  • 2(2x)(1)=4x2(2x)(1) = 4x
  • 12=11^2 = 1

Combining these, we obtain:

(2x+1)2=4x2+4x+1(2x + 1)^2 = 4x^2 + 4x + 1

Now, substituting back into the original equation:

f(x)=(2x+1)21=(4x2+4x+1)1f(x) = (2x+1)^2 - 1 = (4x^2 + 4x + 1) - 1

Subtracting 1 from the constant term, we get:

f(x)=4x2+4x+11=4x2+4xf(x) = 4x^2 + 4x + 1 - 1 = 4x^2 + 4x

Therefore, the standard form representation of the function is f(x)=4x2+4x f(x) = 4x^2 + 4x .

Answer

f(x)=4x2+4x f(x)=4x^2+4x

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