Trapezoids

🏆Practice trapezoid for ninth grade

The trapezoid is considered one of the most intimidating shapes for students, therefore we have decided to provide a summary of the general idea behind the trapezoid and explain its properties to them and introduce some types of trapezoids.

Characteristics of the Trapezoid

A trapezoid is a quadrilateral based on 4 sides like any other,
but special in that it will always have two parallel sides also called bases, which we can call the larger base and the smaller base
and it will also have two opposite sides also called legs.

A1 - Characteristics and types of trapezoids


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Test yourself on trapezoid for ninth grade!

einstein

The trapezoid ABCD is shown below. Given in cm:

Base AB = 6

Base DC = 10

Height (h) = 5

Calculate the area of the trapezoid.

666101010h=5h=5h=5AAABBBCCCDDD

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Types of Trapezoids

There are several types of trapezoids that you will encounter during your studies.
For example, there are trapezoids where the lines look in the same direction and it is called a parallelogram
Additionally, there is a trapezoid that has two sides of the same length and it is called an Isosceles trapezoid. In the first example, we have a right angle trapezoid, which is a trapezoid where the height is equal to the side perpendicular to the bases so that 2 right angles are formed.


Exercises with Explanations on the Topic: Properties and Types of Trapezoids

Exercise 1

How do we calculate the area of a trapezoid?

We are given the following isosceles trapezoid with the following characteristics:

How do we calculate the area of a trapezoid with the following characteristics

Task:

What is its height?

Solution:

Formula for the area of a trapezoid:

(Base+Base)2×height \frac{(Base+Base)}{2}\times height

Substituting these values into our formula we have the following:

9+62×h=30 \frac{9+6}{2}\times h=30

And we solve:

152×h=30 \frac{15}{2}\times h=30

712×h=30 7\frac{1}{2}\times h=30

h=30152 h=\frac{30}{\frac{15}{2}}

h=6015 h=\frac{60}{15}

h=4 h=4

Answer:

Height BE BE is equal to 4cm 4cm .


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Exercise 2

Given the area of a trapezoid where its lower base is twice the upper base and 4 4 times greater than the height.

The area of the trapezoid is equal to 12cm2 12 cm² (find help starting from X X )

Given the area of a trapezoid where its lower base

Task:

Calculate the value of x x .

Solution:

=h×(base+base)2 =\frac{h\times\lparen base+base\rparen}{2}

=x×(2x+4x)2=121 =\frac{x\times(2x+4x)}{2}=\frac{12}{1}

Given that the lower base is twice the upper base and 4 4 times larger than the height.

24=6x2 24=6x² if we divide everything by 6 6

4=x2 4=x² Now taking the square root of both sides \sqrt{}

x=2 x=2

Answer:

x=2 x=2


Exercise 3

Given that ABCD ABCD is an isosceles trapezoid with the following characteristics

AD=AE AD=AE

Given that ABCD is an isosceles trapezoid

Task:

Find the angles of the trapezoid and the angle α \alpha

Solution:

The sum of adjacent angles

FAB+BAE+EAD=180 ∢FAB+∢BAE+∢EAD=180

72+67+EAD=180 ∢72+∢67+∢EAD=180

EAD=1807267=41 ∢EAD=180-72-67=41

D=AED ∢D=∢AED

This is because ADE \triangle ADE is an isosceles triangle

Opposite the equal sides of the triangle AED ∆AED

D=AED=180DAE2=180412=69.5∢D=∢AED=\frac{180-∢DAE}{2}=\frac{180-41}{2}=69.5

D=C=69.5 ∢D=∢C=69.5

B=BAD=180D ∢B=∢\text{BAD}=180-∢D

The sum of the adjacent angles in the trapezoid are equal to =18069.5=110.5 =180-69.5=110.5

180 180 between the two bases

Angles opposite by the vertex α=B=110.5 ∢α=∢B=110.5

Answer:

α=B=110.5 ∢α=∢B=110.5


Do you know what the answer is?

Exercise 4

Given that ABCD ABCD is an isosceles trapezoid

BC>BE BC>BE

Exercise 4 Given that ABCD is an isosceles trapezoid

Task:

What is the midsegment opposite to DC DC in the triangle whose base is DC DC equal to?

Solution:

AB‖DC \text{AB‖DC} --->

ABE=BEC ∢ABE=∢BEC

BAE=AED ∢BAE=∢\text{AED}

Given the figure that: ABE=BAE ∢ABE=∢BAE

BEC=AED ∢BEC=∢\text{AED}

The rule:

BE=AE BE=AE

Opposite sides are equal in DABE DABE , BE=AE BE = AE is equal to the sides

Side = BE=AE \text{BE=AE}

Side = BC=AD \text{BC=AD}

Angle = BAC=AED ∢BAC=∢AED

According to the side, side, angle congruence theorem

△AED△BEC △\text{AED}\cong △\text{BEC}

EC=ED \text{EC=ED}

Corresponding sides between overlapping triangles

DC=DE+EC=EC+EC=2EC \text{DC=DE+EC=EC+EC=2EC}

A midsegment in a triangle is equal to half of the side it corresponds to.

Midsegment =

12DC=122EC=EC \frac{1}{2}DC=\frac{1}{2}2EC=EC

Answer: EC EC


Exercise 5

Exercise 6 The line AE creates the triangle AED and the parallelogram ABCE

The area of the trapezoid ABCDcm2=X ABCD cm² = X

The line AE AE creates the triangle AED AED and the parallelogram ABCE ABCE .

It is known that the ratio of the area of the triangle AED AED to the area of the parallelogram ABCE ABCE is 1:3 1:3 .

Task:

Calculate the ratio between the sides DE DE and EC EC .

Solution:

To calculate the ratio between the sides we will use the figure that:

S∆ADESABEC=13 \frac{S∆\text{ADE}}{S∆ABEC}=\frac{1}{3}

We calculate using the formula to find half of the area and place the ratio.

SADE=h×DE2 S∆ADE=\frac{h\times DE}{2}

S=h×EC S=h\times EC

12hDEhEC=13 \frac{\frac{1}{2}h\cdot DE}{h\cdot EC}=\frac{1}{3}

To solve the equation, multiply across the factors.

h×EC=3(12h×DE) h\times EC=3(\frac{1}{2}h\times DE)

h×EC=1.5h×DE h\times EC=1.5h\times DE Dividing everything by h h we have the following:

EC=(1.5h×DE)h EC=\frac{\left(1.5h\times DE\right)}{h}

EC=1.5DE EC=1.5DE

The ratio between ECDE \frac{EC}{DE} is 11.5 \frac{1}{1.5}

Answer:

Answer: 1:1.5 1:1.5


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Review Questions

What are the characteristics of trapezoids?

The characteristics of a trapezoid are those that help us define or classify which type of trapezoid we are referring to. It's important to remember that there are different types of trapezoids, such as the isosceles trapezoid, the right trapezoid, or a parallelogram. Therefore, it is very important to take into account the characteristics of each one.


What characteristics does a right trapezoid have?

The characteristics of a right trapezoid are that it has two right angles, one acute angle, and one obtuse angle, resulting in two of its sides being equal.


What are the elements of a trapezoid?

As we have already mentioned, a trapezoid is a quadrilateral (4 sides) that has two parallel sides, which are called bases, usually considered as the larger base and the smaller base, it has a height, and it has 4 angles.


What is an isosceles trapezoid?

An isosceles trapezoid is one that has two equal sides, which are the sides that join its parallel lines. This is one of the main characteristics of this type of trapezoid.


Do you think you will be able to solve it?

Examples with solutions for Trapezoids

Exercise #1

Calculate the area of the trapezoid.

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Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

We use the formula (base+base) multiplied by the height and divided by 2.

Note that we are only provided with one base and it is not possible to determine the size of the other base.

Therefore, the area cannot be calculated.

Answer

Cannot be calculated.

Exercise #2

What is the perimeter of the trapezoid in the figure?

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Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

To find the perimeter we will add all the sides:

4+5+9+6=9+9+6=18+6=24 4+5+9+6=9+9+6=18+6=24

Answer

24

Exercise #3

D=50° ∢D=50°

The isosceles trapezoid

What is B ∢B ?

AAABBBDDDCCC50°

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

Let's recall that in an isosceles trapezoid, the sum of the two angles on each of the trapezoid's legs equals 180 degrees.

In other words:

A+C=180 A+C=180

B+D=180 B+D=180

Since angle D is known to us, we can calculate:

18050=B 180-50=B

130=B 130=B

Answer

130°

Exercise #4

Given: C=2x ∢C=2x

A=120° ∢A=120°

isosceles trapezoid.

Find x.

AAABBBDDDCCC120°2x

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

Given that the trapezoid is isosceles and the angles on both sides are equal, it can be argued that:

C=D ∢C=∢D

A=B ∢A=∢B

We know that the sum of the angles of a quadrilateral is 360 degrees.

Therefore we can create the formula:

A+B+C+D=360 ∢A+∢B+∢C+∢D=360

We replace according to the existing data:

120+120+2x+2x=360 120+120+2x+2x=360

 240+4x=360 240+4x=360

4x=360240 4x=360-240

4x=120 4x=120

We divide the two sections by 4:

4x4=1204 \frac{4x}{4}=\frac{120}{4}

x=30 x=30

Answer

30°

Exercise #5

True OR False:

In all isosceles trapezoids the bases are equal.

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

True: in every isosceles trapezoid the base angles are equal to each other.

Answer

True

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